The Game Boy [ a ] is an 8-bit handheld game comfort developed and manufactured by Nintendo. The foremost hand-held in the Game Boy family, it was first released in Japan on April 21, 1989. The console was released in North America late the lapp year, then in Europe in late 1990. It was designed by the lapp team that developed the Game & Watch series of hand-held electronic games and several Nintendo Entertainment System games : Satoru Okada, Gunpei Yokoi, and Nintendo Research & Development 1. [ 11 ] [ 12 ]
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Nintendo ‘s second hand-held game comfort, the Game Boy, combines features from both the NES home system and Game & Watch hardware. The cabinet features a dot-matrix filmdom with adjustable contrast dial, five game control buttons ( a directional pad, two game buttons, and “ START ” and “ SELECT ” ), a individual speaker with adjustable volume dial, and, like its rivals, uses cartridges as physical media for games. The color schema is made from two tones of grey with accents of black, blue, and dark magenta. All the corners of the portrait-oriented orthogonal unit are piano rounded, save for the bottom veracious, which is curved. At launch, it was sold either as a standalone unit, or bundled with one of several games, among them Super Mario Land and Tetris. several accessories were besides developed, including a carry pouch, Game Genie, and printer. Despite being technologically inferior to its fourth-generation competitors ( Sega ‘s Game Gear, Atari ‘s Lynx, and NEC ‘s TurboExpress ), the Game Boy received praise for its battery life and lastingness in its construction. It promptly outsold the rival, [ 13 ] selling one million units in the United States within a few weeks. [ 14 ] An estimated 118 million units of the Game Boy and its successor, the Game Boy Color, [ 10 ] have been sold global, making it the third best-selling television game comfort of all time. It is one of the most recognizable devices from the 1990s, becoming a cultural picture in the years following its liberation. respective redesigns were released during the cabinet ‘s life, including the Game Boy Pocket in 1996 and the Game Boy Light in 1998 ( Japan only ). production of the Game Boy continued into the early 2000s, even after the release of its second successor, the Game Boy Advance, in 2001. production ceased in 2003. [ 15 ]
history [edit ]
Development [edit ]
The Game Boy was designed by Nintendo ‘s head engineer Gunpei Yokoi and its Nintendo R & D1 team. Following the popularity of the Nintendo Entertainment System, he held a meeting with Nintendo president Hiroshi Yamauchi, saying that he could do a hand-held arrangement with exchangeable games. When he told Yamauchi that, he told him that games were fun to play and let him begin working on it. The original inner code name for the Game Boy is Dot Matrix Game, referring to its dot-matrix display in contrast to the preceding Game & Watch series ( which Yokoi had created in 1980 ) that has segmented LCDs pre-printed with an overlie, limiting each model to only play one crippled. The initials DMG came to be featured on the final product ‘s model count : “ DMG-01 ”. Satoru Okada and Yokoi led the development of the console table, which led to disagreements. Yokoi felt that the console could be little, light, durable and successful and have a recognizable library of games. Shigesato Itoi visited Nintendo and conceived the name “ Game Boy ” for the cabinet Yokoi was designing. The inner chemical reaction to the Game Boy at Nintendo was initially very poor, earning it the derogative dub “ Dame Game ” from Nintendo employees, in which dame ( だめ ) means “ hopeless ” or “ useless ” ( dame originate as a condition used in the game Go, meaning “ meaningless district ” ). [ 16 ] [ 17 ] Henk Rogers brought the game Tetris to Nintendo of America and convinced its president Minoru Arakawa to port it for the new arrangement so it can reach a wide audience. Arakawa agreed and as a solution, the game was ultimately bundled with the Game Boy and the arrangement was released in Japan in April 1989, North America in July, and in Europe in September the follow year .
hardware [edit ]
The standard grey cartridge for the master Game Boy games The Game Boy has four mathematical process buttons labeled “ A ”, “ B ”, “ SELECT ”, and “ START ”, and a directing pad ( d-pad ). [ 18 ] There is a volume control dial on the right side of the device and a exchangeable dial on the left side to adjust the contrast. [ 19 ] At the top of the Game Boy, a sliding on-off throw and the time slot for the Game Boy cartridges are located. [ 20 ] The on-off switch over includes a physical lockout to prevent users from either inserting or removing a magazine while the unit of measurement is switched on. Nintendo recommends users leave a magazine in the slot to prevent dust and soil from entering the organization. [ 21 ] The Game Boy contains optional input or output connectors. On the left side of the system is an external 3.5 millimeter × 1.35 millimeter DC world power issue jack that allows users to use an external rechargeable battery pack or AC arranger ( sold individually ) rather of four AA batteries. [ 22 ] The Game Boy requires 6 V DC of at least 150 ma. [ 23 ] A 3.5 millimeter stereo earphone jack is located on the bottom side of the whole which allows users to listen to the sound recording with the pack headphones or external speakers. [ 24 ] The mighty side of the device offers a port that allows a drug user to connect to another Game Boy system via a associate cable, provided both users are playing games that support connecting to each other ( most much, only copies of the same game, although for example, the Pokémon games can connect between different generations ). [ 25 ] The port can besides be used to connect a Game Boy Printer. The link cable was primitively designed for players to play neck and neck two-player games such as in Tetris. however, plot developer Satoshi Tajiri subsequently used the radio link cable technology as a method acting of communication and network in the popular Pokémon video recording game series. [ 26 ]
technical specifications [edit ]
particular or limited editions [edit ]
Play It forte ! [edit ]
“ Play It loud ! ” guileless Game Boy, North American edition On March 20, 1995, Nintendo released several especial edition Game Boy models with colored cases, advertising them in the “ Play It forte ! ” campaign, [ 36 ] known in Japan as Game Boy Bros. [ c ] The “ Play it forte ! ” series is a simple color remainder, yet it is extraordinary for the fact that it is an entire dress of particular colors. This extra occupation of discolor Game Boys set a precedent for late Nintendo handhelds ; every one of them since has been available in more than one color. Play It loud ! units were manufactured in red, green, black, yellow, white, blue, and authorize ( diaphanous ), or sometimes called roentgenogram in the UK. Most common are the chicken, loss, clean and black. Green is fairly barely but gloomy and white are the rare. Blue was a Europe and Japan-only publish, white was a japanese majority release with UK Toys R Us stores besides getting it as an exclusive edition to them. The white remains the rare of all the Play it Loud colors. A rare, express edition Manchester United Game Boy is red, with the son of the team emblazoned on it. [ citation needed ] It was released simultaneously with the Play it Loud ! handhelds in the United Kingdom. The Play It Loud ‘s screens besides have a benighted surround than the normal Game Boy .
Revisions [edit ]
Game Boy Pocket [edit ]
Logo of the Game Boy Pocket Game Boy Pocket, first free On July 21, 1996, Nintendo released the Game Boy Pocket for US $ 69.99 : [ 37 ] a smaller, lighter whole that required fewer batteries. It has distance for two AAA batteries, which provide approximately 10 hours of gameplay. [ 38 ] The whole is besides fitted with a 3 volt, 2.35 millimeter x 0.75 millimeter DC jack which can be used to power the organization. The Pocket has a smaller connect port, which requires an adapter to link with the older Game Boy. The port design is used on all subsequent Game Boy models, excluding the Game Boy Micro. The blind was changed to a true black-and-white display, quite than the “ pea soup ” monochromatic display of the master Game Boy. [ 39 ] besides, the Game Boy Pocket ( GBP ) has a larger screen than the Game Boy Color ( GBC ) that late superseded it. The GBP ‘s filmdom has a 65 millimeter ( 2.56 in ) diagonal, 48.5 millimeter ( 1.91 in ) width, and 43.5 millimeter ( 1.71 in ) altitude, compared to a 59 millimeter ( 2.32 in ) diagonal for the GBC. Although like its predecessor, the Game Boy Pocket has no backlight to allow fun in a darken sphere, it did notably improve visibility and pixel response-time ( by and large eliminating ghosting ). [ 40 ] The first interpretation did not have a baron LED. This was soon add due to public demand, along with raw Game Boy Pocket units of different colors ( released on April 28, 1997 ), some of them new to the Game Boy line. There were several limited-edition Game Boy Pockets, including a gold-metal mannequin exclusive to Japan. [ 41 ] The Game Boy Pocket was not a fresh software platform and played the same software as the master Game Boy model. [ 42 ] A gain ‘skeleton ‘ Famitsu edition appeared in 1997, which had only 5,000 units released, and a clear yellow edition. [ citation needed ]
Game Boy Light [edit ]
Logo of the Game Boy light
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Game Boy Light The Game Boy Light was released on April 14, 1998, and merely available in Japan. Like the Game Boy Pocket, the system was besides priced at ¥6,800. The Game Boy Light is entirely slenderly bigger than the Game Boy Pocket and features an electroluminescent backlight for low-light conditions. It uses two AA batteries, which gave it approximately 20 hours with the light off and 12 with it on. It was available in two standard colors : gold and silver. [ 43 ] It besides received numerous especial editions, including an Astro Boy edition with a clear case and a painting of Astro Boy on it, [ 44 ] an Osamu Tezuka World edition with a clear loss lawsuit and a picture of his characters, [ 45 ] and a solid yellow Pokémon Center Tokyo version .
Games [edit ]
launch titles [edit ]
The Game Boy was released aboard six establish titles, which are listed in the table below :
reception [edit ]
The original Game Boy lacked a backlight, so many third-party accessories were created to make play possible in low-light conditions. Though it was less technically advance than the Lynx and early competitors, notably by not supporting color, the Game Boy ‘s lower price along with longer battery life made it much more successful. [ 47 ] In its inaugural two weeks in Japan, from its handout on April 21, 1989, the entire stock of 300,000 units was sold ; a few months former on July 31, 1989, 40,000 units were sold on its first release day. [ 48 ] More than 118.69 million units of the Game Boy and Game Boy Color combined have been sold worldwide, with 32.47 million units in Japan, 44.06 million in the Americas, and 42.16 million in other regions. By japanese fiscal year 1997, before Game Boy Color ‘s liberation in deep 1998, 64.42 million units of the Game Boy had been sold worldwide. [ 49 ] At a March 14, 1994, press league in San Francisco, Nintendo vice president of market Peter Main answered queries about when Nintendo was coming out with a color hand-held system by stating that sales of the Game Boy were potent adequate that it had decided to hold off on developing a successor hand-held for the approach future. [ 50 ] In 1995, Nintendo of America announced that 46 % of Game Boy players were female, which was higher than the percentage of female players for both the Nintendo Entertainment System ( 29 % ) and Super Nintendo Entertainment System ( 14 % ). [ 51 ] In 2009, the Game Boy was inducted into the National Toy Hall of Fame, 20 years after its initiation. [ 52 ] As of June 6, 2011, Game Boy and Game Boy Color games are available on the Virtual Console service on the Nintendo 3DS ‘s Nintendo eShop. [ 53 ] In a 1997 year-end review, a team of four Electronic Gaming Monthly editors gave the Game Boy scores of 7.5, 7.0, 8.0, and 2.0. Sushi-X ( who contributed the 2.0 ) panned the arrangement ascribable to its black-and-white display and gesticulate blur, while his three co-reviewers praised its long battery life and strong games library, a well as the satiny, handily pocket-size design of the fresh Game Boy Pocket model. [ 54 ]
See besides [edit ]
Notes [edit ]
- ^Japanese: ゲームボーイ, Hepburn: Gēmubōi
- ^ This processor is similar to an Intel 8080 in that none of the registers introduced in the Z80 are present. however, some of the Z80 ‘s teaching fit enhancements over the 8080, particularly bit handling, are confront. Features removed from the Intel 8080 education set include the parity masthead, half of the conditional jumps, and I/O instructions. I/O is alternatively performed through memory load/store instructions. still, respective features are add relative to both the 8080 and the Z80, such as newly load and store instructions to optimize access to memory-mapped registers. The IC besides contains integrated voice coevals .
- ^Japanese: /ゲームボーイブロス, Hepburn: Gēmu Bōi Burosu, also known as ゲームボーイブラザース Gēmu Bōi Burazāsu, besides known as ゲームボーイブラザース Gēmu Bōi Burazāsu
References [edit ]
bibliography [edit ]
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