1. ↑Hakim, Joy (1995). A History of Us: War, Peace and all that Jazz. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509514-6.
  2. ↑Anthony James Gregor (1979). Young Mussolini and the Intellectual Origins of Fascism. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520037991.
  3. ↑ MacGregor Knox. Mussolini unleashed, 1939–1941 : Politics and Strategy in Fascist Italy ‘s final War. edition of 1999. Cambridge, England, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. 122–123 .
  4. ↑ MacGregor Knox. Mussolini unleashed, 1939–1941 : Politics and Strategy in Fascist Italy ‘s stopping point War. edition of 1999. Cambridge, England, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1999. Pp. 122–127.
  5. ↑ Viganò, Marino ( 2001 ), “ Un’analisi accurata della presunta fuga in Svizzera ”, Nuova Storia Contemporanea ( ภาษาอิตาลี ), 3

  6. 13.0 13.1 13.2 Charles F. Delzel, บ.ก. ( 1970 ). Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945. Harper Rowe. p. 3.

  7. 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3Collins, M. E.; Henry, Gráinne; Tonge, Stephen (2004). “Chapter 2”. Living history 2: A Complete Course for Junior Certificate (New ed.). Dublin: Educational Company of Ireland. ISBN 978-1-84536-028-3.
  8. ↑ De Felice, Renzo ( 1965 ). Mussolini. Il Rivoluzionario ( ภาษาอิตาลี ) ( 1 ed. ). turin : Einaudi. p. 11.

  9. ↑ Georg Scheuer : Mussolinis langer Schatten. Marsch auf Rom im Nadelstreif. Köln 1996, S. 21 .
  10. ↑ Denis Mack Smith, Mussolini; A biography ( 1982 ) pp. 9–13
  11. ↑ Margherita G. Sarfatti, The Life of Benito Mussolini p. 156
  12. ↑ taken from WorldCat ‘s entry for this book ‘s title .
  13. ↑ Charles F. Delzel, ed., Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945 ( 1970 ) p. 3
  14. ↑ Anthony James Gregor, Young Mussolini and the Intellectual Origins of Fascism, pp. 41–42
  15. ↑ Denis Mack Smith, Mussolini: A Biography, ( 1983 ), p. 7
  16. ↑ Bosworth, Mussolini ( 2002 ) p. 86
  17. ↑ Emil Ludwig. Nine Etched from Life. Ayer Company Publishers, 1934 ( original ), 1969. p. 321 .
  18. ↑ Mediterranean Fascism 1919–1945 Edited by Charles F. Delzel, Harper Rowe 1970, p. 6 .
  19. ↑ Denis Mack Smith. 1997. Modern Italy: A Political History. Ann Arbor : The University of Michigan Press. p. 284 .
  20. 52.0 52.1 Schindler, John R. ( 2001 ). Isonzo: the Forgotten Sacrifice of the Great War. Westport, Conn. : Prager. pp. 88–89, 103, 200–201.

  21. 53.0 53.1Mussolini: A Study in Power, Ivone Kirkpatrick, Hawthorne Books, 1964. 0-8371-8400-2, Ivone Kirkpatrick, Hawthorne Books, 1964. ISBN
  22. ↑Sestani, Armando, บ.ก. (10 February 2012). “Il confine orientale: una terra, molti esodi” [The Eastern Border: One Land, Multiple Exoduses] ( PDF ). I profugi istriani, dalmati e fiumani a Lucca [The Istrian, Dalmatian and Rijeka Refugees in Lucca] (ภาษาอิตาลี). Instituto storico della Resistenca e dell’Età Contemporanea in Provincia di Lucca. pp. 12–13.ลิงก์เสีย]
  23. ↑ Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 21 .
  24. ↑Roland Sarti (8 January 2008). “Fascist Modernization in Italy: Traditional or Revolutionary”. The American Historical Review. 75 (4): 1029–45. doi:10.2307/1852268. JSTOR 1852268.
  25. ↑Lyttelton, Adrian (2009). The Seizure of Power: Fascism in Italy, 1919–1929. New York: Routledge. pp. 75–77. ISBN 978-0-415-55394-0.
  26. ↑ Arrigo Petacco, L’uomo della provvidenza: Mussolini, ascesa e caduta di un mito, Milano, Mondadori, 2004, p. 190
  27. ↑ Göran Hägg : Mussolini, en studie i makt
  28. 71.0 71.1 71.2 Grand, Alexander de “ Mussolini ‘s Follies : fascism in Its Imperial and Racist Phase, 1935–1940 ” pp. 127–47 from Contemporary European History, book 13, No. 2 May 2004 p. 131
  29. ↑Ali Abdullatif Ahmida (2006). “When the Subaltern Speak: Memory of Genocide in Colonial Libya 1929 to 1933”. Italian Studies. 61 (2): 175–190. doi:10.1179/007516306X142924. S2CID 161690236.
  30. ↑ Grand, Alexander de “ Mussolini ‘s Follies : fascism in Its Imperial and Racist Phase, 1935–1940 ” pp. 127–47 from Contemporary European History, volume 13, No. 2, May 2004, pp. 131–32 .
  31. ↑ Grand, Alexander de “ Mussolini ‘s Follies : fascism in Its Imperial and Racist Phase, 1935–1940 ” pp. 127–47 from Contemporary European History, volume 13, No. 2 May 2004 p. 131 .
  32. ↑Robertson, Esmonde (1988). “Race as a Factor in Mussolini’s Policy in Africa and Europe”. Journal of Contemporary History. 23: 37–58. doi:10.1177/002200948802300103. S2CID 161818702.
  33. ↑ Clark, Martin, Modern Italy, Pearson Longman, 2008, p. 322
  34. ↑The Doctrine of Fascism, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012, Mussolini, Benito, , CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012, ISBN 978-1479216345, p. 21
  35. ↑Carl F. Goerdeler (1 April 1938). “Do Government Price Controls Work?”. Foreign Affairs. Council on Foreign Relations. เก็บ จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 17 November 2014. When Italy depreciated the lira in 1936, Mussolini ruled that all prices had to remain as they were. However, in May 1937 he had to increase wages by 15 percent because retail prices had gone up as a result of the rise in the cost of imported commodities. Nature cannot be ordered to renounce her principles.
  36. ↑Falasca-Zamponi, Simonetta (2000). Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini’s Italy (1st pbk. ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-520-22677-7.
  37. ↑ Ernst Nolte, Three Faces of Fascism: Action Française, Italian Fascism, National Socialism ( 1966 ) p. 200
  38. ↑Fattorini, Emma (2011). Hitler, Mussolini and the Vatican: Pope Pius XI and the speech that was never made ([English edition] ed.). Cambridge: Polity Press. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-7456-4488-2.

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  39. ↑Burgwyn, H. James (2012). Mussolini Warlord: Failed Dreams of Empire, 1940–1943. New York: Enigma Books. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-936274-29-1.
  40. ↑Townley, Edward (2002). Mussolini and Italy. Oxford: Heinemann Educational. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-435-32725-5.
  41. ↑ Kallis, Aristotle Fascist Ideology, London : Routledge, 2000 pp. 129 & 141
  42. ↑ Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 27 .
  43. ↑ Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 26 .
  44. 94.0 94.1 94.2 94.3 94.4 94.5 94.6 Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the eye : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 193 .
  45. 95.0 95.1 95.2 Kallis, Aristotle Fascist Ideology, London : Routledge, 2000 p. 124 .
  46. ↑ John Whittam. Fascist Italy. Manchester, England ; New York : Manchester University Press. p. 165 .
  47. ↑ Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the eye : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 188 .
  48. 100.0 100.1 100.2 100.3 Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 22 .
  49. 101.0 101.1 Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 23 .
  50. 102.0 102.1 102.2 Cassels, Alan “ Mussolini and the Myth of Rome ” pp. 57–74 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 63 .
  51. 103.0 103.1 103.2 103.3 103.4 103.5 103.6 Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the eye : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 187 .
  52. ↑ Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the center : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 pp. 187–88 .
  53. ↑ Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the eye : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 189 .
  54. ↑ Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the eye : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 pp. 189–90 .
  55. ↑ Sullivan, Barry “ More than meets the center : the Ethiopian War and the Origins of the Second World War ” pp. 178–203 from The Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered: A.J.P. Taylor and the Historians, London : Routledge, 1999 p. 182 .
  56. ↑ Strang, Bruce On the Fiery March, New York : Praeger, 2003 p. 47 .
  57. ↑Iron Hulls, Iron Hearts: Mussolini’s Elite Armoured Divisions in North Africa. Ramsbury: The Crowood Press. Walker, Ian W. ( 2003 ) .. Ramsbury : The Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126-646-4. p.19
  58. ↑Samson, Anne (1967). Britain, South Africa and East African Campaign: International Library of Colonial History. I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0-415-26597-3.
  59. ↑Mollo, Andrew (1987). The Armed Forces of World War II. I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0-517-54478-5.
  60. ↑ MacGregor Knox. Mussolini Unleashed, 1939–1941: Politics and Strategy in Fascist Italy’s Last War. version of 1999. cambridge university : Cambridge University Press, 1999. pp. 122–27 .
  61. ↑ __. Trial of German Major War Criminals. 3. p. 398.

  62. ↑ MacGregor Knox. Mussolini Unleashed, 1939–1941: Politics and Strategy in Fascist Italy’s Last War. edition of 1999. cambridge university : Cambridge University Press, 1999. pp. 122–23 .
  63. 138.0 138.1Annussek, Greg (2005). Hitler’s Raid to Save Mussolini. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81396-2.
  64. ↑ Time, 7 May 1945
  65. ↑ Quoted in Mussolini: A New Life, p. 276 by Nicholas Burgess Farrell. 2004
  66. ↑Peter York (2006). Dictator Style. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. pp. 17–18. ISBN 978-0-8118-5314-9.
  67. ↑ Baigorri-Jalón, Jesús. From Paris to Nuremberg : The parentage of conference rede. Vol. 111. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014, pp.167-168
  68. ↑ Peter Neville. Mussolini. Oxon, UK ; New York : Routledge, 2005. p. 176 .
  69. ↑ Rachele Mussolini 1974, p. 129
  70. ↑ Roberts, Jeremy ( 2006 ). Benito Mussolini. Minneapolis, MN : twenty-first Century Books, p. 60 .
  71. ↑Peter Neville (2004). Mussolini. Psychology Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-415-24989-8. เก็บ จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 27 September 2015 .
  72. ↑Peter Neville (2004). Mussolini. Psychology Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-0-415-24989-8. เก็บ จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 27 September 2015 .
  73. ↑ Rachele Mussolini 1974, p. 131
  74. ↑ Rachele Mussolini 1974, p. 135
  75. ↑ Neocleous, Mark. Fascism. minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press, 1997. p. 35.

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  76. ↑Joshua D. Zimmerman (2005). Jews in Italy Under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922–1945. Cambridge University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-521-84101-6.
  77. ↑ Christopher Hibbert, Benito Mussolini ( 1975 ), p. 99
  78. ↑Peter Egill Brownfeld (Fall 2003). “The Italian Holocaust: The Story of an Assimilated Jewish Community”. The American Council for Judaism. เก็บ จากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 24 May 2012. Ovazza started a Jewish fascist newspaper, “La Nostra Bandiera” (Our Flag) in an effort to show that the Jews were among the regime’s most loyal followers.