For early places called Macon, see Macon ( disambiguation )
prefecture and commune in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France
Mâcon ( french pronunciation : ​ [ mɑ.kɔ̃ ] ), historically anglicised as Mascon, is a city in east-central France. It is the prefecture of the department of Saône-et-Loire in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. Mâcon is home to near 34,000 residents, who are referred to in French as Mâconnais. The city gave its name to the nearby vineyards and wine ‘appellation ‘.

geography [edit ]

The city lies on the western bank of the river Saône, between Bresse in the east and the Beaujolais hills in the south. Mâcon is the southernmost city in the department of Saône-et-Loire and the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It is 65 kilometres ( 40 miles ) north of Lyon and 400 kilometres ( 249 miles ) from Paris. The climate is temperate with a flimsy continental inclination .

climate [edit ]

Mâcon features an oceanic climate ( Koppen : Cfb ), with warm summers, slightly besides cool to be called humid subtropical ( Cfa ). Winters are relatively cold to french standards, but milder and more showery than union of Mâcon. Most precipitation is in give and fall .

Climate data for Mâcon (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.8
(64.0) 		20.3
(68.5) 		24.5
(76.1) 		29.8
(85.6) 		32.8
(91.0) 		37.2
(99.0) 		39.2
(102.6) 		39.8
(103.6) 		35.2
(95.4) 		28.4
(83.1) 		23.1
(73.6) 		19.3
(66.7) 		39.8
(103.6)
Average high °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9) 		7.6
(45.7) 		12.3
(54.1) 		15.7
(60.3) 		20.1
(68.2) 		23.9
(75.0) 		26.6
(79.9) 		26.2
(79.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		16.5
(61.7) 		9.9
(49.8) 		6.1
(43.0) 		16.1
(61.0)
Average low °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		0.6
(33.1) 		3.4
(38.1) 		5.9
(42.6) 		10.1
(50.2) 		13.4
(56.1) 		15.5
(59.9) 		14.9
(58.8) 		11.5
(52.7) 		8.3
(46.9) 		3.6
(38.5) 		1.0
(33.8) 		7.4
(45.3)
Record low °C (°F) −21.2
(−6.2) 		−21.4
(−6.5) 		−10.2
(13.6) 		−4.1
(24.6) 		−1.8
(28.8) 		3.7
(38.7) 		5.9
(42.6) 		5.8
(42.4) 		1.0
(33.8) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−8.7
(16.3) 		−16.2
(2.8) 		−21.4
(−6.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 59.0
(2.32) 		52.5
(2.07) 		48.7
(1.92) 		74.6
(2.94) 		88.1
(3.47) 		75.5
(2.97) 		70.9
(2.79) 		71.7
(2.82) 		79.5
(3.13) 		85.5
(3.37) 		83.8
(3.30) 		69.5
(2.74) 		859.3
(33.83)
Average precipitation days ( ≥ 1.0 millimeter ) 10.3 8.8 8.9 10.1 10.9 8.9 8.2 8.2 8.1 10.4 10.5 10.7 113.9
Average relative humidity (%) 88 84 77 74 75 73 71 74 80 86 88 89 79.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours 61.9 91.5 154.9 182.0 212.9 245.3 267.7 242.4 185.6 116.9 70.3 50.5 1,881.9
Source 1: Météo France[2][3]
Source 2: Infoclimat.fr (humidity, 1961–1990)[4]

history [edit ]

Ancient and Medieval eras [edit ]

The agglomeration of Mâcon originates from the administration of an oppidum and of a river port by the Celts from the Aedui, probably at the begin of the first base hundred BC. Known then under the name of Matisco, the town developed importantly during the age of the Roman Empire. This is demonstrated by the big Roman hoard known as the Mâcon Treasure that was discovered in the town in 1764, the remains of which is in the british Museum. [ 5 ] During the fourth century, the town was fortified. During the Middle Ages, Mâcon was the administrative center field of a county belong to the Duchy of Burgundy at the extremity of the bridge over the Saône leading to the Bresse territory belonging to the Duchy of Savoy. The town controlled access to contemporary Lamartinien Valley ( Val Lamartinien ), where the southern end of the Côte de Bourgogne joins the first foothills of the Beaujolais hills, opening the way to the full-bodied plains of the Loire. On 3 June 1564, Charles IX from Chalon, stopped in the town during his Royal Tour of France ( 1564–1566 ), accompanied by the Court and the nobles of his kingdom, including his brother the Duke of Anjou, Henry of Navarre, the cardinals of Bourbon and Lorraine. [ 6 ] The town is strategically built : it was a possible entrance into the kingdom for the Swiss or german mercenaries during the french Wars of Religion. He was welcomed by the Queen Jeanne III of Navarre, nicknamed the “ Queen of Protestants ”, and 1,500 Huguenots .

revolutionary and imperial eras [edit ]

On 21 October 1790, the matriarch of a outstanding local kin gave parturition to a son who remains highly visible in his hometown, the Romantic poet and historian Alphonse de Lamartine. [ 7 ] In 1790, the rotatory government designated Mâcon as the capital ( chef-lieu ) of Saône-et-Loire, a newly created département within the root restructure of national administration. In 1814, the town was invaded by austrian troops and then liberated twice by french troops before being permanently occupied until the fall of the Empire. After Napoléon ‘s return and the subsequent Hundred Days, Mâcon and the Mâconnais were again captured by the Austrians .

second World War [edit ]

During World War II, Mâcon was the northernmost township in the unoccupied zone libre between Paris and Lyon. The township was liberated on 4 September 1944 as separate of Operation Dragoon by troops who had landed in Provence. [ 8 ]
photograph of the city of Mâcon taken from Saint-Laurent-sur-Saône Ain ), on the other side of the Saône river

Sights [edit ]

  • The Old Saint-Vincent in the town centre
  • Mâcon Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Vincent de Mâcon) in the town centre
  • Museum of Fine Arts (former Ursuline Convent)
  • Hôtel de Senecé (Lamartine museum)
  • Saint-Clément Catholic Church in the district of Saint-Clément
  • Church Saint-Pierre, Place Saint-Pierre, opposite the Town Hall
  • The Municipal Olympic Pool of Mâcon
  • The Maison des Vins or Maison Maconnaise des Vins, on De-Lattre de Tassigny Avenue.
  • The Quai Lamartine (quay), the Vallon des Rigollettes, the Physical Activity Training Course (P.A.P.A) and the Marina: many places suitable for walking and relaxing.
  • The Theater of Mâcon (public theatre) close to the Maison des vins, Droits de l’Homme esplanade.
  • Château Saint-Jean, in the old commune of Saint-Jean-le-Priche annexed to Mâcon in 1972
  • Château des Perrières, on a hill overlooking the town

Parks and gardens [edit ]

In 2007, the city was awarded the Grand Prix trophy and “ 4 flowers ” in the Entente Florale competition. [ 9 ]

exile [edit ]

Mâcon is connected to neighbouring major cities through diverse routes :

Public transportation [edit ]

Mâcon uses the urban enchant service Tréma, run by the organising transport authorities, the SITUM ( Inter-communal City Transport Union of Mâconnais – Val de Saône ). The SITUM presently consists of 3 members : CAMVAL ( Agglomeration Community of Mâcon-Val de Saône ) ( 26 communes ) and the Chaintré and Crêches-sur-Saône communes. The Urban Transport Area of the SITUM extends over 28 communes in total. On the even of 30 June 2009, the Mâcon Bus services ceased operation. This was due to the populace service deputation compress between the SITUM and the Mâcon Bus company ( a subsidiary company of Transdev ), operating the network since 1987, not being renewed at the last name for bids. so since 1 July 2009, the caller CarPostal Mâcon ( CarPostal France ‘s subsidiary company ) has been providing city conveyance services on the network renamed Tréma. The network Tréma, restructured on 31 August 2009, made the following offer :

  • urban lines (A to G) going through Mâcon, Crêches-sur-Saône, Sancé, Saint-Laurent-sur-Saône, central Charnay-lès-Mâcon and Mâcon Loché TGV train station on a regular basis.
  • a transport service requested by TrémA’Fil to operate in the other communes of the SITUM area, to increase the frequency of the less busy regular lines (F and G) and to offer a service for each city stop in the morning before the beginning of services for scheduled lines and in the evening after the end of the services.
  • school lines named TrémA’Scol.

Mâcon is run by the network Buscephale of Saône-et-Loire ‘s local council .

presidency [edit ]

In 2010, the Mâcon commune was awarded the plaque “ Ville Internet @ @ ”. [ 10 ] Mâcon is a member of the Mâconnais Beaujolais Agglomération ( agglomeration community ), and besides its induct .

List of mayors
Term Name Party Position
March 1953 – March 1977 Louis Escande DVD .
March 1977– March 2001 Michel Antoine Rognard PS
March 2001– Jean-Patrick Courtois UMP Senator

department of education [edit ]

Mâcon has five collèges and four lycées. These establishments are in the same area in the west of the city, with the exception of the collèges Schuman ( union ) and Saint-Exupery ( south ) .

  • Collèges
    • Collège Louis Pasteur
    • Collège Bréart
    • Collège Schuman
    • Collège Saint-Exupéry
    • Collège Notre-Dame (private)
  • Lycées
    • Lycée Lamartine
    • Lycée René-Cassin
    • Lycée hôtelier Dumaine
    • Lycée Ozanam (private)

demography [edit ]

Mâcon is one of the department ‘s major use areas which is by far the most active ( 13.5 % increase between 1999 and 2006 ) compared to cities such as Chalon-sur-Saône or Montceau-les-Mines which are losing jobs. This dynamism is peculiarly helped by the many fare links available and its proximity to Lyon. The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Mâcon proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Mâcon absorbed the former commune of Saint-Clément in 1856, Flacé-lès-Mâcon in 1964, Saint-Jean-le-Priche and Sennecé-lès-Mâcon in 1971 and Loché in 1972. [ 11 ]

Historical population
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1793 12,000 —    
1800 10,807 −1.48%
1806 10,653 −0.24%
1821 10,411 −0.15%
1831 12,384 +1.75%
1836 13,515 +1.76%
1841 14,466 +1.37%
1846 15,112 +0.88%
1851 16,783 +2.12%
1856 16,546 −0.28%
1861 18,765 +2.55%
1866 19,175 +0.43%
1872 18,239 −0.83%
1876 17,570 −0.93%
1881 19,567 +2.18%
1886 19,669 +0.10%
1891 19,573 −0.10%
1896 18,739 −0.87%
Year Pop. ±% p.a.
1901 18,928 +0.20%
1906 19,059 +0.14%
1911 19,779 +0.74%
1921 18,207 −0.82%
1926 18,427 +0.24%
1931 18,496 +0.07%
1936 19,324 +0.88%
1946 21,073 +0.87%
1954 22,393 +0.76%
1962 25,714 +1.74%
1968 33,445 +4.48%
1975 39,344 +2.35%
1982 38,404 −0.34%
1990 37,275 −0.37%
1999 34,469 −0.87%
2007 33,865 −0.22%
2012 32,917 −0.57%
2017 33,638 +0.43%
Source: EHESS[11] and INSEE (1968-2017)[12]

Associated districts and communes [edit ]

Town centre [edit ]

Mâcon Cathedral ( Cathédrale le Vieux Saint-Vincent )

Saint-Pierre Church ( 1859–1865 ) The Hôtel-Dieu build in the eighteenth hundred by Melchior Munet, a student of Soufflot Mâcon ‘s town center of extends from Place Gardon, in the north, to the Roundabout of Europe in the south, from Place de la Barre, in the west, to the banks along the Saône to the east. The quarters of the town ‘s center are varied :

  1. The center by the town hall is the town’s shopping area (rue Carnot, rue Dufour, rue Sigorgne, rue Philibert-Laguiche, rue Dombert, rue Franche, the quay Lamartine, the esplanade Lamartine and rue de la Barre). Most landmarks are in this conventional centre-ville including the Cathedral of Saint-Vincent, the Church of Saint Pierre and the town’s two museums.
  2. The Saint-Antoine district is centred around the Place aux Herbes and the historic heart despite its relative distance from the Town Hall. This district covers the northern part of the town centre; it is crossed by the rue de Strasbourg and consists of narrow lanes. There is the prefecture (district headquarters) of Saône-et-Loire and the old Saint-Vincent Cathedral (Vieux Saint-Vincent).
  3. West lies the Square de la Paix, bordered by the Hôtel-Dieu, the Palais de Justice, Saint-Vincent Cathedral, plus the Vallon des Rigollettes and the Héritan district.

From the late 1990s to the early 2000s, the esplanade Lamartine undergo extensive renovation and upgrades. The hoist car park and damaged cobblestones were replaced by an metro car park on three levels, a larger and brighter esplanade, bars, and a stage on the water system ( of the Saône river ) which immediately accommodates diverse events, concerts and shows. The Statue Lamartine, which sits proudly on the esplanade, was completely renovated. small gardens immediately brighten up the huge outer space that Mâcon ‘s Esplanade Lamartine occupies. All along, one can find an educe from the celebrated poem by Lamartine, “ Le Lac ” : “ Time, stem in your flight … “ engraved in the ground in eloquent letters .

North of Mâcon [edit ]

The north of Mâcon is split, with the Neusdadt traffic circle marking the boundary between the two sections. Flacé-lès-Mâcon, a greenwich village built in the city, constitutes the northwest of Mâcon. In addition to the adjoining Town Hall, church and minor downtown area, Flacé consists entirely of residential areas.
The northeast of Mâcon is composed of assorted residential areas and the town ‘s fun centres ( physical Activity Training Course ( P.A.P.A ), public swim pool, Centre for Sports Education, rowing, sailing and body of water ski clubs, several football fields and clubs, and the Sports Palace ). The residential areas consist chiefly of low-rent council estates ( HLM ) with districts such as the precedence growth areas ( ZUP ) of Mâcon or the avenue des États-Unis ( road belonging administratively to the Saugeraies district ) .

South of Mâcon [edit ]

The south of Mâcon is composed of three major areas .

  1. The first area is the Saint-Clément/Les Blanchettes block, also called Percée Sud. Saint-Clément only accounts for a small area but it is southern Mâcon’s main business area with the Europe roundabout. Les Blanchettes is a district of low-rent council estates (HLM) passing through Édouard-Herriot Avenue. It is a very woody area, which includes most notably the Parc des Allumettes and its numerous games for children. The Romanesque church is in Saint-Clément, bearing the name of this town.
  2. The second area is the largest in this part of the town; it is the industrial area south of Mâcon (the largest metropolitan area) which is composed of the Port River at Mâcon (6 in France).
  3. The third and final area in the south of Mâcon is the Chanaye / Fontenailles and is southwest of the town. Fontenailles is a residential area consisting of detached houses. La Chanaye (pronounced “Chanai”) is an area of low-rent council estates (HLM) bordered by the greenhouses of Mâcon. This district, along with the Boulevard des États-Unis, Saint-Clément/les Blanchettes and priority development areas (ZUP) of Mâcon, belongs to the sensitive urban zones (French ZUS).

West of Mâcon [edit ]

The west of Mâcon is the least populate part of the township. This hosts Mâcon ‘s lycées ( René Cassin, Lamartine, Alexandre Dumaine and Ozanam ) and most of the colleges, along with some residential areas merged with those of Charnay-lès-Mâcon, the Hospital of Mâcon and the historic working class area of Mâcon, Bioux .

Flacé [edit ]

once an mugwump commune, Flacé-lès-Mâcon was re-attached to Mâcon in 1965. It is now a residential area with a very outstanding village atmosphere .

Associated communes [edit ]

Loché [edit ]

Loché is an consort commune of Mâcon. The fusion-association dates from 1972. Mâcon Loché-TGV place is in this wine-producing village .
Saint-Jean-le-Priche is an consort commune of Mâcon. The merging association dates from 1972 .
Sennecé-lès-Mâcon is an associate commune of Mâcon. The merging association dates from 1972 .

wine [edit ]

The area west and union of Mâcon produces well-known wines from the Chardonnay grape. The best sleep together appellation of the Mâconnais is Pouilly-Fuissé .

tourism [edit ]

In Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, you can see :

  • The Arboretum de Pézanin, one of the richest tree collections in France, near Mâcon,
  • The Rock of Solutré,
  • Cluny abbey of vast size and complex elevations and its medieval city of small proportions.
  • Charolles and its breed of cattle, “le boeuf charolais”.
  • Paray-le-Monial with its church modelled as a smaller version of Cluny abbey, cloistered garden, basilica, museum and ornate town hall.

economy [edit ]

  • Viticulture and maturing
  • Industrial River Port
  • Metallurgy
  • Logistics and road transport
  • Boating

Mâcon holds the headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Saône-et-Loire, which manages the river port of Mâcon through Aproport, the Automotive Training Center ( CFA Automobile ) and the Mâcon-Charnay airport. The headquarters for the Chamber of Agriculture of Saône-et-Loire is besides based in Mâcon .

culture [edit ]

The “ Eté frappé ” Festival, a spare art and music festival, takes home every summer from June to August all over the township ( notably on the Lamartine esplanade alongside the river Saône ) featuring many concerts of a wide range of melodious styles ( classical, french birdcall, jazz, rock, tribe, hip-hop, rap ), many shows ( dance, drollery ), open air travel film shows, open air plays, sporting events. In 2011, 48.000 people attended the festival. [ 13 ] Every class in July, the Crescent Jazz Club holds a jazz festival during three days ( as separate of the “ Eté frappé ” Festival ) featuring external wind musicians .

Sports and leisure [edit ]

Mâcon has 73 clubs with 55 organisations, 40 different sports to play, and 14,506 members of a sports association ( 42 % of the population ). It was elected the most coltish town in France in 2001 .

  • The A.S Mâcon rugby club is now progressing to ‘Fédérale 1’ (the third division in the rugby union club championship). They reached the highest level in 1987–1988 (ASM appeared in the Pool league with Biarritz Olympique’s Serge Blanco, the US Dax, Montpellier Hérault RC Montpellier and Lavelanet).
  • The rowing club (the Régates Mâconnaises) is a leading sport clubs in the town. Each year it organises several major events (regional, national championships) and sends many of its rowers to the biggest competitions. Similarly, each year, the Stade Nautique Mâconnais sends swimmers to the France N1 swimming championships.
  • A motor boating Grand Prix is held annually in late September (part of the speed championship of France in categories S2000 and S3000).
  • The Municipal Band of Mâcon.
  • The Mâcon Academy is extensive and nationally recognised.
  • Ski club and barefoot in Mâcon
  • UF Mâconnais is the football club of Mâcon. It was the first club of footballer Antoine Griezmann.

celebrated people [edit ]

In democratic acculturation [edit ]

International relations [edit ]

Mâcon is twinned with : [ 14 ]

culinary specialties [edit ]

  • Mâcon’s sugary specialties are a cake made of meringue and filled with butter cream named “l’idéal mâconnais”, and a sugary pâtisserie made of a very thin cigarette-shaped waffle named “la gaufrette mâconnaise” (“gaufrette” meaning “little waffle” in French).
  • Mâcon is surrounded by a vineyard of 12,355 acres which produces 49 million bottles of wine including the famous crus like Saint-Véran or Pouilly-Fuissé.
  • West of Mâcon, there is the Charolais area famous for its white-coated cattle.
  • East of Mâcon, on the other side of the Saône river, there is Bresse, famous for its white poultry, the only ones to have received an Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (AOC) stamp.

bibliography [edit ]

  • Pierre Goujon (éd.), Histoire de Mâcon, Toulouse, 2000. It consists of:
    • Jean Combier, “De la préhistoire aux Burgondes”, pp. 17–44
    • Alain Guerreau, “Mâcon, 380–1239 : la cité épiscopale”, pp. 45–79
    • Isabelle Vernus, “Prospérités et affrontements, 1239–1600”, pp. 81–112
    • Christine Lamarre, “De l’époque classique aux transformations révolutionnaires. La ville classique des XVIIme et XVIIIme siècles”, pp. 113–139
    • Jean-François Garmier, “L’Essor et les transformations de la ville (17me – 19me siècles)”, pp. 141–154
    • Pierre Lévêque, “Au temps de Lamartine”, pp. 155–196
    • Pierre Goujon, “Mâcon dans la deuxième moitié du 19me siècle : une ville en symbiose avec sa région “, pp. 197–238
    • Lucien Delpeuch, “Une ville moyenne face aux défis du 20me siècle : Mâcon de 1914 à 1945”, pp. 219–263
    • Annie Bleton-Ruget et Nicole Commerçon, “Mâcon, une ville moyenne ordinaire?”, pp. 265–300.
    • Whitehouse, Henry Remsen (1918). The Life of Lamartine, Volume 1. BiblioBazaar (2009). p. 13. ISBN 978-1-115-29659-5.

See besides [edit ]

References [edit ]