International multi-sport consequence

The Summer Olympic Games, besides known as the Games of the Olympiad, are a major international multi-sport event normally held once every four years. The inauguration Games took plaza in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and most recently the postpone 2020 Summer Olympics were celebrated in 2021 in Tokyo, Japan. The International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) organises the Games and oversees the master of ceremonies city ‘s preparations. In each Olympic event, aureate medals are awarded for first space, silver medals are awarded for second put, and bronze medals are awarded for third base place ; this tradition began in 1904. The Winter Olympic Games were created out of the success of the Summer Olympics. It is regarded as the largest and most esteemed multi-sport external event in the global. The Olympics have increased in scope from a 42-event competition course of study with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations in 1896 to 306 events with 11,238 competitors ( 6,179 men, 5,059 women ) from 206 nations in 2016. The Summer Olympics have been hosted on five continents by a entire of nineteen countries. The Games have been held four times in the United States ( 1904, 1932, 1984, and 1996 ), three times in Great Britain ( 1908, 1948, and 2012 ), doubly each in Greece ( 1896 and 2004 ), France ( 1900 and 1924 ), Germany ( 1936 and 1972 ), Australia ( 1956 and 2000 ), and Japan ( 1964 and 2020 ) and once each in Sweden ( 1912 ), Belgium ( 1920 ), Netherlands ( 1928 ), Finland ( 1952 ), Italy ( 1960 ), Mexico ( 1968 ), Canada ( 1976 ), Soviet Union ( 1980 ), South Korea ( 1988 ), Spain ( 1992 ), China ( 2008 ), and Brazil ( 2016 ).

London has hosted the Summer Olympic Games a record three times, followed by Paris, Los Angeles, Athens and Tokyo, where the Games have been held twice. The 2024 Summer Olympics will take set in Paris, marking a century since the french capital last organised the consequence. The IOC has besides selected Los Angeles to hold the Games in 2028, and Brisbane to play master of ceremonies in 2032. only five countries have participated in every Summer Olympic Games : Australia, France, Great Britain, Greece, and Switzerland. Great Britain is the only country to have won a gold decoration at each edition of the Games. The United States leads the all-time decoration count at the Summer Olympics, and has topped the decoration board on 18 disjoined occasions — followed by the USSR ( six times ), and France, Great Britain, Germany, China, and the ex-Soviet ‘Unified Team ‘ ( once each ) .

Hosting [edit ]

Map of Summer Olympic Games locations – countries that have hosted one Summer Olympics are shaded k, while countries that have hosted two or more are shaded blasphemous The United States has hosted the Summer Olympic Games four times : the 1904 Games were held in St. Louis, Missouri ; the 1932 and 1984 Games were both held in Los Angeles, California, and the 1996 Games were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The 2028 Games in Los Angeles will mark the fifth occasion on which the Summer Games have been hosted by the U.S. In 2012, the United Kingdom hosted its third Summer Olympic Games in London, which became the first city always to have hosted the Summer Olympic Games three times. The cities of Los Angeles, Paris, and Athens ( excluding 1906 ) have each hosted two Summer Olympic Games. In 2024, France will host its one-third Summer Olympic Games in its capital, making Paris the second gear city ever to have hosted three Summer Olympics. And in 2028, Los Angeles will in turn become the one-third city ever to have hosted the Games three times. Australia, France, Germany, Greece and Japan wholly hosted the Summer Olympic Games twice ( with France and Australia planned to host in 2024 and 2032, respectively, taking both countries to three each ). Tokyo, Japan, hosted 2020 Summer Olympics, and became the first base city outside the predominantly English-speaking and european nations to have hosted the Summer Olympics twice, having already hosted the Games in 1964 ; [ 1 ] it is besides the largest city ever to have hosted, having grown well since 1964. The other countries to have hosted the Summer Olympics are Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Finland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, South Korea, Soviet Union, Spain, and Sweden, with each of these countries having hosted the Summer Games on one juncture. Asia has hosted the Summer Olympics four times : in Tokyo ( 1964 and 2020 ), Seoul ( 1988 ), and Beijing ( 2008 ). The 2016 Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were the first Summer Olympics to be held in South America and the beginning that was held completely during the local “ winter “ season. The lone two countries in the Southern Hemisphere to have hosted the Summer Olympics have been Australia ( 1956, 2000, and approaching 2032 ) and Brazil ( 2016 ), with Africa having yet to host any Summer Olympics. Stockholm, Sweden, has hosted events at two Summer Olympics, having been sole master of ceremonies of the 1912 Games, and hosting the horseman events at the 1956 Summer Olympics ( which they are credited as jointly hosting with Melbourne, Australia ). [ 2 ] Amsterdam, Netherlands, has besides hosted events at two Summer Olympic Games, having been exclusive host of the 1928 Games and previously hosting two of the voyage races at the 1920 Summer Olympics. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Hong Kong provided the venues for the equestrian events, which took station in Sha Tin and Kwu Tung .

history [edit ]

early years [edit ]

The open ceremony of the first modern Olympic Games in the Panathenaic Stadium, Athens The International Olympic Committee was founded in 1894 when Pierre de Coubertin, a french educator and historian, sought to promote international understand through sporting competition. The first base edition of The Olympic Games was held in Athens in 1896 and attracted precisely 245 competitors, of whom more than 200 were Greek, and only 14 countries were represented. Nevertheless, no international events of this order of magnitude had been organised before. female athletes were not allowed to compete, though one woman, Stamata Revithi, ran the marathon course on her own, saying “ If the committee does n’t let me compete I will go after them careless ”. [ 3 ] The 1896 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in Athens, Greece, from 6 to 15 April 1896. It was the first Olympic Games held in the Modern era. About 100,000 people attended for the open of the games. The athletes came from 14 nations, with most coming from Greece. Although Greece had the most athletes, the U.S. finished with the most champions. 11 Americans placed first in their events vs. the 10 from Greece. [ 4 ] Ancient Greece was the birthplace of the Olympic Games, consequently Athens was perceived to be an appropriate option to stage the inaugural mod Games. It was unanimously chosen as the host city during a congress organised by Pierre de Coubertin in Paris, on 23 June 1894. The IOC was besides established during this congress. Despite many obstacles and setbacks, the 1896 Olympics were regarded as a great success. The Games had the largest international engagement of any dissipated consequence to that date. Panathinaiko Stadium, the first big stadium in the mod world, overflowed with the largest crowd ever to watch a clean event. [ 5 ] The highlight for the Greeks was the marathon victory by their compatriot Spiridon Louis, a water carrier wave. He won in 2 hours 58 minutes and 50 seconds, setting off wild celebrations at the stadium. The most successful rival was german wrestler and gymnast Carl Schuhmann, who won four gold medals. greek officials and the public were enthusiastic about the know of hosting an Olympic Games. This feel was shared by many of the athletes, who even demanded that Athens be the permanent Olympic host city. The IOC intended for subsequent Games to be rotated to assorted host cities around the world. The second Olympics was held in Paris. [ 6 ] Four years belated the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris attracted more than four times as many athletes, including 20 women, who were allowed to formally compete for the beginning time, in croquet, golf, sail, and tennis. The Games were integrated with the Paris World ‘s Fair and lasted over 5 months. It is hush disputed which events precisely were Olympic, since few or possibly tied none of the events were advertised as such at the time .
Dorando Pietri finishes the mod marathon at the current distance Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and the trouble of getting to St. Louis may have contributed to the fact that very few top-ranked athletes from outside the US and Canada took depart in the 1904 Games. [ 7 ] A series of smaller games were held in Athens in 1906. The IOC does not presently recognise these games as being official Olympic Games, although many historians do. The 1906 Athens games were the first base of an alternating series of games to be held in Athens, but the series failed to materialise. The games were more successful than the 1900 and 1904 games, with over 900 athletes competing, and contributed positively to the success of future games. The 1908 London Games saw numbers rise again, deoxyadenosine monophosphate well as the first base race of the marathon over its now-standard distance of 42.195 km ( 26 miles 385 yards ). The first Olympic Marathon in 1896 ( a male-only raceway ) was raced at a distance of 40 km ( 24 miles 85 yards ). The fresh marathon distance was chosen to ensure that the raceway finished in front man of the box occupied by the british royal class. thus the marathon had been 40 kilometer ( 24.9 myocardial infarction ) for the beginning games in 1896, but was subsequently varied by up to 2 km ( 1.2 security service ) due to local conditions such as street and stadium layout. At the six Olympic games between 1900 and 1920, the marathon was raced over six distances. The Games saw Great Britain winning 146 medals, 99 more than second-placed Americans, its best resultant role to this sidereal day. At the end of the 1908 marathon, the italian ball carrier Dorando Pietri was first base to enter the stadium, but he was clearly in straiten and collapsed of debilitation before he could complete the consequence. He was helped over the eat up line by refer race officials and former disqualified for that. As compensation for the missing decoration, Queen Alexandra gave Pietri a gild silver cup. Arthur Conan Doyle wrote a particular report about the race in the Daily Mail. [ 8 ] The Games continued to grow, attracting 2,504 competitors, to Stockholm in 1912, including the great all-rounder Jim Thorpe, who won both the decathlon and pentathlon. Thorpe had previously played a few games of baseball for a tip, and saw his medals stripped for this ‘breach ‘ of amateurism after complaints from Avery Brundage. They were reinstated in 1983, 30 years after his death. The Games at Stockholm were the first gear to fulfil Pierre de Coubertin ‘s master estimate. For the first gear time since the Games started in 1896 were all five populate continents represented with athletes competing in the like stadium. The schedule 1916 Summer Olympics were cancelled following the onset of World War I .

Interwar era [edit ]

The 1920 Antwerp games in war-ravaged Belgium were a subdued affair, but again drew a phonograph record number of competitors. This record merely stood until 1924, when the Paris Games involved 3,000 competitors, the greatest of whom was finnish runner Paavo Nurmi. The “ Flying Finn “ won three team amber medals and the individual 1,500 and 5,000 meter runs, the latter two on the like day. [ 9 ] The 1928 Amsterdam games was luminary for being the first games which allowed females to compete at traverse & field athletics, and benefited greatly from the general prosperity of the times alongside the first appearance of sponsorship of the games, from the Coca-Cola Company. The 1928 games saw the introduction of a standard decoration design with the IOC choosing Giuseppe Cassioli ‘s depicting of Greek goddess Nike and a winner being carried by a crowd of people. This design was used up until 1972. [ citation needed ] The 1932 Los Angeles games were affected by the Great Depression, which contributed to the broken number of competitors .
Olympiastadion in Berlin, during the 1936 Games The 1936 Berlin Games were seen by the german government as a golden opportunity to promote their political orientation. The govern Nazi Party commissioned film-maker Leni Riefenstahl to film the games. The consequence, Olympia, was widely considered to be a masterpiece, despite Hitler ‘s theories of Aryan racial superiority being repeatedly shown up by “ non-Aryan ” athletes. In particular, african-american sprinter and long jumper Jesse Owens won four gold medals. The 1936 Berlin Games besides saw the introduction of the Torch Relay. [ 10 ] Due to World War II, the Games of 1940 ( due to be held in Tokyo and temporarily relocated to Helsinki upon the outbreak of war ) were cancelled. The Games of 1944 were due to be held in London but were besides cancelled ; rather, London hosted the first games after the end of the war, in 1948 .

After World War II [edit ]

The first post-war Games were held in 1948 in London, with both Germany and Japan excluded. Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen won four gold medals on the track, emulating Owens ‘ accomplishment in Berlin. At the 1952 Games in Helsinki the USSR team competed for the foremost time and immediately became one of the dominant teams ( finishing second both in the count of gold and overall medals won ). soviet contiguous achiever might be explained by the second coming of the state-sponsored “ full-time amateur athlete ”. The USSR entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in world paid by the state to train on a full-time basis, hence violating amateurish rules. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Finland made a caption of an amiable czechoslovakian army lieutenant named Emil Zátopek, who was intent on improving on his individual aureate and silver medals from 1948. Having first gear won both the 10,000 and 5,000-meter races, he besides entered the marathon, despite having never previously raced at that distance. Pacing himself by chatting with the other leaders, Zátopek led from about halfway, lento dropping the remaining contenders to win by two and a one-half minutes, and completed a trio of wins. The 1956 Melbourne Games were largely successful, barring a water system polo match between Hungary and the Soviet Union, which the Soviet invasion of Hungary caused to end as a peddle battle between the teams. Due to a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Britain at the time and the rigid quarantine laws of Australia, the equestrian events were held in Stockholm. At the 1960 Rome Games a youthful light-heavyweight boxer named Cassius Clay, later known as Muhammad Ali, arrived on the scene. Ali would late throw his gold decoration away in disgust after being refused serve in a whites-only restaurant in his home township of Louisville, Kentucky. [ 13 ] He was awarded a new decoration 36 years late at the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. other performers of note in 1960 included Wilma Rudolph, a gold medalist in the 100 meters, 200 meters and 4 × 100 meters relay events. The 1964 Games held in Tokyo are luminary for heralding the modern historic period of telecommunications. These games were the first to be broadcast global on television, enabled by the late advent of communication satellites. The 1964 Games were therefore a turning indicate in the global visibility and popularity of the Olympics. Judo debuted as an official sport, and Dutch judoka Anton Geesink created quite a stir when he won the concluding of the open weight unit division, defeating Akio Kaminaga in front of his family crowd .
The opening ceremony for the Games of 1968, in Mexico City, the first prevail in Latin America Performances at the 1968 Mexico City games were affected by the elevation of the host city. [ 14 ] The 1968 Games besides introduced the now-universal Fosbury flop, a technique which won American eminent jumper Dick Fosbury the gold decoration. In the decoration prize ceremony for the men ‘s 200 meter subspecies, blacken american english athletes Tommie Smith ( gold ) and John Carlos ( bronze ) took a resist for civil rights by raising their black-gloved fists and wearing black socks in stead of shoes. They were banned by the IOC. Věra Čáslavská, in protest to the 1968 Soviet-led invasion of Czechoslovakia and the controversial decision by the judges on the Balance Beam and Floor, turned her head down and away from the soviet masthead whilst the hymn play during the decoration ceremony. She returned home as a heroine of the Czechoslovak people but was made an friendless by the Soviet-dominated government .
Politics again intervened at Munich in 1972, with deadly consequences. A palestinian terrorist group named Black September invaded the Olympic greenwich village and broke into the apartment of the israeli deputation. They killed two Israelis and held 9 others as hostages. The terrorists demanded that Israel release numerous prisoners. When the israeli government refused their demand, a strain stand-off ensued while negotiations continued. finally, the captors, still holding their hostages, were offered dependable passage and taken to an airport, where they were ambushed by german security forces. In the firefight that followed, 15 people, including the nine Israeli athletes and five of the terrorists, were killed. After much debate, it was decided that the Games would continue, but proceedings were obviously dominated by these events. [ 15 ] Some memorable athletic achievements did occur during these Games, notably the winning of a then-record seven gold medals by United States swimmer Mark Spitz, Lasse Virén ( of Finland ) ‘s back-to-back gold in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters, and the victorious of three gold medals by soviet acrobatic star Olga Korbut – who achieved a historic backflip off the high cake. Korbut, however, failed to win the all-around, losing to her teammate Ludmilla Tourischeva. There was no such tragedy in Montreal in 1976, but bad planning and imposter led to the Games ‘ price far exceeding the budget. The Montreal Games were the most expensive in Olympic history, until the 2014 Winter Olympics, costing over $ 5 billion ( equivalent to $ 22.03 billion in 2020 ). For a time, it seemed that the Olympics might no long be a viable fiscal proposal. In retrospect, the belief that contractors ( suspected of being members of the Montreal Mafia ) skimmed big sums of money from all levels of contracts while besides profiting from the substitution of cheaper build materials of lesser quality, may have contributed to the delays, poor structure and excessive costs. In 1988, one such contractor, Giuseppe Zappia “ was cleared of imposter charges that resulted from his exploit on Olympic facilities after two key witnesses died before testifying at his trial ”. [ 16 ] There was besides a boycott by many african nations to protest against a recent tour of apartheid -run South Africa by the New Zealand national rugby marriage team. The romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci won the women ‘s individual all-around gold decoration with two of four possible perfect scores, this giving birth to a gymnastics dynasty in Romania. She besides won two early person events, with two arrant scores in the balance beam and all arrant scores in the uneven bars. Lasse Virén repeated his double gold in the 5,000 meters and 10,000 meters, making him the first athlete to ever win the distance double doubly .

end of the twentieth century [edit ]

Following the Soviet Union ‘s 1979 invasion of Afghanistan, 66 nations, including the United States, Canada, West Germany, and Japan, boycotted the 1980 games held in Moscow. Eighty nations were represented at the Moscow Games – the smallest number since 1956. The boycott contributed to the 1980 Games being a less advertise and less competitive matter, which was dominated by the host nation. In 1984 the Soviet Union and 13 soviet allies reciprocated by boycotting the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Romania, notably, was one of the nations in the eastern Bloc that did attend the 1984 Olympics. These games were possibly the first games of a raw era to make a profit. Although a boycott led by the Soviet Union depleted the field in certain sports, 140 National Olympic Committees took separate, which was a record at the meter. [ 17 ] The Games were besides the first gear time mainland China ( People ‘s Republic ) participated. According to british journalist Andrew Jennings, a KGB colonel stated that the representation ‘s officers had posed as anti-doping authorities from the IOC to undermine dope tests and that soviet athletes were “ rescued with [ these ] enormous efforts ”. [ 18 ] On the subject of the 1980 Summer Olympics, a 1989 Australian study said “ There is barely a decoration winner at the Moscow Games, surely not a gold decoration winner, who is not on one classify of drug or another : normally several kinds. The Moscow Games might equally well have been called the Chemists ‘ Games. ” [ 18 ] Documents obtained in 2016 revealed the Soviet Union ‘s plans for a statewide doping arrangement in track and plain in formulation for the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Dated anterior to the country ‘s decision to boycott the Games, the document detailed the existing steroids operations of the broadcast, along with suggestions for further enhancements. [ 19 ] The communication, directed to the Soviet Union ‘s point of track and field, was prepared by Dr. Sergei Portugalov of the Institute for physical Culture. Portugalov was besides one of the independent figures involved in the execution of the russian dope program prior to the 2016 Summer Olympics. [ 19 ] The 1988 games, in Seoul, was very well planned but the games were tainted when many of the athletes, most notably men ‘s 100 metres winner Ben Johnson, failed compulsory drug tests. Despite brilliant drug-free performances by many individuals, the number of people who failed screenings for performance-enhancing chemicals overshadowed the games. The 1992 Barcelona Games featured the admission of players from one of the north american english top leagues, the NBA, exemplified by but not limited to US basketball ‘s “ Dream Team “. The 1992 games besides saw the reintroduction to the Games of respective smaller european states which had been incorporated into the Soviet Union since World War II. At these games, gymnast Vitaly Scherbo set an inaugural decoration record of five individual amber medals at a Summer Olympics, and equaled the inauguration criminal record set by Eric Heiden at the 1980 Winter Olympics. By then the process of choosing a localization for the Games had become a commercial concern ; there were widespread allegations of corruption potentially affecting the IOC ‘s decision summons. At the Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics, the highlight was 200 meters runner Michael Johnson annihilating the worldly concern record in battlefront of a home crowd. Canadians savoured Donovan Bailey ‘s recording gold decoration scat in the 100-meter dash. This was popularly felt to be an appropriate recompense for the previous national discredit involving Ben Johnson. There were besides aroused scenes, such as when Muhammad Ali, distinctly affected by Parkinson ‘s disease, lit the Olympic common mullein and received a substitution decoration for the one he had discarded in 1960. The latter event took identify in the basketball arena. The standard atmosphere at the Games was marred, however, when a turkey exploded during the celebration in Centennial Olympic Park. In June 2003, the principal suspect in this bombing, Eric Robert Rudolph, was arrested .
The 2000 Summer Olympics was held in Sydney, Australia, and showcased individual performances by local favorite Ian Thorpe in the pool, Briton Steve Redgrave who won a row gold decoration in an unprecedented one-fifth back-to-back Olympics, and Cathy Freeman, an autochthonal australian whose exuberate in the 400 meters united a carry stadium. Eric “ the Eel ” Moussambani, a swimmer from Equatorial Guinea, received wide media coverage when he completed the 100 meter freestyle float in by far the slowest time in Olympic history. He however won the heat as both his opponents had been disqualified for false starts. His female compatriot Paula Barila Bolopa besides received media attention for her record-slow and struggling but brave performance. The Sydney Games besides saw the first appearance of a joint North and South korean contingent at the possibility ceremonies, though they competed as different countries. controversy occurred in the Women ‘s aesthetic Gymnastics when the vaulting sawhorse was set to the incorrectly acme during the All-Around Competition .

Start of the twenty-first century and newfangled millennium [edit ]

In 2004, the Olympic Games returned to their birthplace in Athens, Greece. At least $ 7.2 billion was spent on the 2004 Games, including $ 1.5 billion on security. Michael Phelps won his beginning Olympic medals, tallying six gold and two bronze medals. Pyrros Dimas, winning a bronze decoration, became the most deck weightlifter of all time with four Olympic medals, three aureate and one bronze. Although baseless reports of potential terrorism drove crowd aside from the preliminary competitions at the first weekend of the Olympics ( 14–15 August 2004 ), attendance picked up as the Games progressed. A third of the tickets failed to sell, [ 20 ] but ticket sales inactive topped figures from the Seoul and Barcelona Olympics ( 1988 and 1992 ). [ citation needed ] IOC President Jacques Rogge characterised Greece ‘s organization as outstanding and its security precautions as flawless. [ 21 ] All 202 NOCs participated at the Athens Games with over 11,000 participants. The 2008 Summer Olympics was held in Beijing, People ‘s Republic of China. several modern events were held, including the modern discipline of BMX for both men and women. Women competed in the steeplechase for the first clock time. The fencing program was expanded to include all six events for both men and women ; previously, women had not been able to compete in team hydrofoil or cavalry sword events, although women ‘s team épée and men ‘s team thwart were dropped for these Games. Marathon swimming events were added, over the distance of 10 km ( 6.2 nautical mile ). besides, the doubles events in table tennis were replaced by team events. [ 22 ] american swimmer Michael Phelps set a record for gold medals at a one Games with eight, and tied the phonograph record of most gold medals by a single rival previously held by both Eric Heiden and Vitaly Scherbo. Another luminary star of the Games was jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt, who became the inaugural male athlete ever to set universe records in the finals of both the 100 and 200 metres in the same Games. horseman events were held in Hong Kong. London held the 2012 Summer Olympics, becoming the foremost city to host the Olympic Games three times. In his close address, Jacques Rogge described the Games as “ glad and brilliant ”. The horde nation won 29 gold medals, the best catch for Great Britain since the 1908 Games in London. The United States returned to the top of the decoration table after China dominated in 2008. The IOC had removed baseball and softball from the 2012 program. The London Games were successful on a commercial flush because they were the first in history to completely sell out every ticket, with ampere many as 1 million applications for 40,000 tickets for both the Opening Ceremony and the 100m Men ‘s Sprint Final. such was the demand for tickets to all levels of each event that there was controversy over seats being set aside for sponsors and National Delegations which went unused in the early days. A system of reallocation was put in place so the empty seats were filled throughout the Games.

Rio de Janeiro in Brazil hosted the 2016 Summer Olympics, becoming the beginning south american english city to host the Olympics, the moment Olympic host city in Latin America, after Mexico City in 1968, vitamin a well as the third city in the Southern Hemisphere to host the Olympics after Melbourne, Australia, in 1956 and Sydney, Australia, in 2000. The formulation for these Games was overshadowed by controversies, including the political instability of Brazil ‘s federal government ; the country ‘s economic crisis ; health and guard concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant befoulment in the Guanabara Bay ; and a state-sponsored dope scandal involving Russia, which affected the engagement of its athletes in the Games. [ 23 ] The 2020 Summer Olympics were originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020 in Tokyo, Japan. The city was the one-fifth in history to host the Games twice, and the first asian city to have this title. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe, the IOC and the Tokyo Organising Committee announced that the 2020 Games were to be delayed until 2021, marking the first prison term that the Olympic Games have been postponed. Unlike former Olympics, these Games took topographic point without spectators due to concerns over COVID-19 and a state of emergency imposed in the host city. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] The Tokyo 2020 Olympics Games, however, featured many highly memorable moments. US gymnast and amber decoration darling Simone Biles gracefully bowed out to focus on her mental health, but by and by returned to claim a bronze decoration. Norway ‘s Karsten Warholm obliterated his own world record to set a new worldly concern and olympian record in 400m hurdles .

Sports [edit ]

There has been a sum of 42 sports, spanning 55 disciplines, included in the Olympic program at one point or another in the history of the Games. The schedule has comprised 33 sports for holocene Summer Olympics ( 2020 ) ; the 2012 Games featured 26 sports because of the removal of baseball and softball. [ 27 ] The versatile Olympic Sports federations are grouped under a common umbrella association, called the Association of Summer Olympic International Federations ( ASOIF ). stream sport No long included

qualification [edit ]

qualification rules for each of the Olympic sports are set by the International Sports Federation ( IF ) that governs that sport ‘s international competition. [ 28 ] For individual sports, competitors typically qualify by attaining a certain space in a major external event or on the IF ‘s ranking list. There is a general dominion that a utmost of three individual athletes may represent each nation per competition. National Olympic Committees ( NOCs ) may enter a limited act of modify competitors in each event, and the NOC decides which qualified competitors to select as representatives in each consequence if more have attained the benchmark than can be entered. [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Nations most much qualify teams for team sports through continental passing tournaments, in which each continental association is given a certain issue of spots in the Olympic tournament. Each state may be represented by no more than one team per competition ; a team consists of barely two people in some sports .

popularity of Olympic sports [edit ]

The IOC divides Summer Olympic sports into five categories ( A – E ) based on popularity, gauged by six criteria : television receiver view figures ( 40 % ), internet popularity ( 20 % ), populace surveys ( 15 % ), ticket requests ( 10 % ), press coverage ( 10 % ), and act of national federations ( 5 % ). The class of a sport determines the share of Olympic gross received by that fun ‘s International Federation. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] Sports that were fresh to the 2016 Olympics ( rugby and golf ) have been placed in Category E. The stream categories are :

Cat. No. Sport
A 3 athletics, aquatics,[a] gymnastics
B 5 basketball, cycling, football, tennis, volleyball
C 8 archery, badminton, boxing, judo, rowing, shooting, table tennis, weightlifting
D 9 canoe/kayaking, equestrian, fencing, handball, field hockey, sailing, taekwondo, triathlon, wrestling
E 3 modern pentathlon, golf, rugby
F 6 baseball/softball, karate, skateboarding, sport climbing, surfing

a Aquatics encompasses aesthetic swim, diving, swim, and urine polo .

all-time decoration table [edit ]

The table below uses official data provided by the IOC. [ 32 ]

 

Defunct nation

No. Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total Games
1  United States  ( USA ) 1075 846 752 2673 28
2  Soviet Union  ( URS ) 395 319 296 1010 10
3  Great Britain  ( GBR ) 263 295 293 851 28
4  China  ( CHN ) 224 167 155 546 10
5  France  ( FRA ) 212 241 263 716 28
6  Italy  ( ITA ) 206 178 193 577 27
7  Germany  ( GER ) 191 194 230 615 16
8  Hungary  ( HUN ) 175 147 169 491 26
9  Australia  ( AUS ) 164 177 213 554 28
10  East Germany  ( GDR ) 153 129 127 409 5
11  Russia  ( RUS ) 149 125 152 426 6
12  Sweden  ( SWE ) 145 170 179 494 27
13  Japan  ( JPN ) 142 136 161 439 22
14  Finland  ( FIN ) 101 85 117 303 25
15  South Korea  ( KOR ) 90 87 90 267 17
16  Romania  ( ROU ) 89 95 122 306 21
17  Netherlands  ( NED ) 85 92 108 285 26
18  Cuba  ( CUB ) 78 68 80 226 20
19  Poland  ( POL ) 68 84 132 284 21
20  Canada  ( CAN ) 64 102 136 302 26

decoration leaders by year [edit ]

Number of occurrences

number of Summer Olympic Games [edit ]

The IOC has never decided which events of the early Games were “ Olympic ” and which were not. [ 33 ] The founder of the modern Olympics, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, ceded that decision to the organisers of those Games .

Notes

See besides [edit ]

References [edit ]